Located in the heart of Portugal’s historic city, Coimbra, is a monument that has stood witness to centuries of history and culture – The Mosteiro de Santa Cruz. This monastery was founded in 1131 by São Teotónio, who was later declared as Portugal’s first saint. It played an instrumental role during the early years of the Kingdom of Portugal and its development.
A Brief History
The Monastery’s construction began under Afonso Henriques, Portugal’s first king. He had a deep respect for religious orders and saw them as crucial allies in his efforts to consolidate power and build a new nation from what was previously Moorish territory. The Augustinian monks who lived there were highly educated men involved not only in prayer but also education and assistance to those less fortunate.
As time passed on, members of this community became counselors to kings; they played significant roles at court which included writing chronicles about Portuguese discoveries overseas. However, it wasn’t until King Manuel I ascended the throne that Mosteiro de Santa Cruz received its most notable architectural features.
Architectural Splendor
The original Romanesque church underwent extensive renovations during King Manuel I’s reign (1495-1521). The transformation resulted in one of the best examples of Manueline architecture – a distinctly Portuguese style characterized by ornate decoration inspired by maritime elements reflecting Portugal’s seafaring achievements during Age of Discovery.
The main façade is adorned with intricate motifs including ropes, knots and armillary spheres while inside you’ll find coffered ceilings decorated with gilded foliage patterns. One can’t help but be mesmerized by the elaborate altarpiece depicting scenes from Christ’s Passion surrounded by figures representing virtues such as Faith or Hope.
Royal Tombs
The Mosteiro de Santa Cruz is also known as the burial place of Portugal’s first two kings – Afonso Henriques and Sancho I. Their tombs were, however, not always as grandiose as they are now. The original resting places were quite modest but King Manuel ordered their embellishment in 16th century to match the monastery’s newly acquired opulence.
Today, visitors can see these royal tombs placed prominently at both sides of the main chancel under beautifully carved baldachins. They represent an important piece of Portuguese history and a testament to the monastery’s significance during medieval times.
São Teotónio’s Tomb
In addition to royal tombs, you’ll find another significant tomb inside this historical monument – that of São Teotónio, founder of this religious community and Portugal’s first canonized saint. His silver sarcophagus stands out against a backdrop adorned with blue-and-white azulejos (traditional ceramic tiles) depicting scenes from his life.
Other Attractions
Beyond its rich history and stunning architecture, Mosteiro de Santa Cruz offers other features worth exploring such as its peaceful cloister designed by Marcos Pires; it provides a serene space for contemplation away from city hustle-bustle. Also notable is its choir stalls made from exotic woods brought back by explorers from Africa & Brazil which showcase intricate carvings representing biblical scenes.
Conclusion
A visit to Coimbra would be incomplete without spending some time at Mosteiro de Santa Cruz. This historic site not only offers insight into Portugal’s past but also allows one to appreciate architectural beauty that has stood test of time. Whether you’re an avid historian or simply someone who appreciates art & culture, this iconic landmark promises an enriching experience.
Frequently asked questions
What are the operating hours of Mosteiro de Santa Cruz in Coimbra?
The Monastery of Santa Cruz, also known as Mosteiro de Santa Cruz, generally opens from 9:00 AM to 5:30 PM. However, these hours can change depending on the season or special events. It’s always a good idea to check their official website or contact them directly for the most accurate and up-to-date information.
What is the historical significance of Mosteiro de Santa Cruz in Coimbra?
Founded in 1131 by São Teotónio, the first Portuguese saint, Mosteiro de Santa Cruz served as an important cultural and intellectual hub during Portugal’s early history. The monastery played a crucial role in promoting learning and education during medieval times and was considered one of Europe’s leading schools. Moreover, it holds significant importance due to being the burial site of Portugal’s first two kings – Afonso Henriques and Sancho I.
How can I get to Mosteiro de Santa Cruz from downtown Coimbra?
The Monastery is located right at Praça 8 Maio which is within walking distance from most parts of downtown Coimbra. If you’re staying around Baixa (downtown), it should be an easy walk. Alternatively, you can take public buses that frequently pass through this area; look for bus lines stopping near Praça 8 Maio or Avenida Emídio Navarro.
Is there an entrance fee for visiting Mosteiro de Santa Cruz?
The church itself has free entry but if you want to visit its cloisters there may be a small admission fee involved. This could vary so we recommend checking with their official resources before your visit.
What are some highlights to look out for during a visit to Mosteiro de Santa Cruz?
Visitors should not miss the chance to see the ornate tombs of Portugal’s first two kings, located in the main chapel. The Manueline-style façade and Gothic cloisters are also noteworthy architectural features. Inside, you can admire beautiful azulejos (Portuguese ceramic tiles) depicting scenes from Saint Augustine’s life. The church organ is another remarkable feature – it’s one of the oldest playable organs in Portugal.
