Explore 10 fun facts about Durham, and discover must-see sites and unique activities, including a self-guided scavenger hunt.
Nestled in the northeast of England, Durham is a city steeped in history, tradition, and breathtaking architecture. Known for its stunning cathedral and castle, both of which have been designated as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, Durham offers a unique blend of medieval heritage and vibrant modern culture. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, an architecture lover, or simply looking for a picturesque escape, Durham has something for everyone.
In this blog post, we’ll explore the fascinating history of Durham, share 10 fun facts about Durham that will deepen your appreciation of its unique character, and suggest some must-do activities for your visit. For those who enjoy combining adventure with exploration, we’ll also highlight the Durham Scavenger Hunt and Sights Self-Guided Tour by Explorial, a fun and interactive way to discover the city’s hidden treasures.
Historical Background of Durham
Durham’s origins can be traced back to the 10th century when it was established as a center of ecclesiastical power. The city’s foundation is closely linked to the resting place of St. Cuthbert, one of the most revered saints in the North of England. According to legend, monks carrying St. Cuthbert’s body were guided to the city’s location by a divine vision, leading to the establishment of a church on the site. Over time, this church grew into the magnificent Durham Cathedral, one of the finest examples of Norman architecture in Europe.
Durham’s strategic importance was further solidified after the Norman Conquest of England in 1066. William the Conqueror recognized the need to secure the northern territories and ordered the construction of Durham Castle, which served as both a fortress and a residence for the Prince-Bishops of Durham. These bishops held both religious and secular power, governing the region on behalf of the king.
Throughout the Middle Ages, Durham continued to thrive as a religious and administrative center. The city’s university, founded in 1832, added to its prestige, establishing Durham as a hub of education and intellectual inquiry. Today, Durham University is one of the leading institutions in the UK, attracting students and scholars from around the world.
Durham’s rich history is woven into the fabric of the city, from its ancient streets and buildings to its vibrant cultural life. Whether you’re exploring the historic landmarks or soaking in the lively atmosphere, you’ll find that Durham’s past is always present, offering a fascinating glimpse into the history of England.
Top 10 Fun Facts About Durham
Durham is a city full of surprises, with a wealth of interesting stories and unique characteristics. Here are 10 fun facts about Durham that highlight the charm and history of this remarkable city:
1. Durham Cathedral: A UNESCO World Heritage Site
Durham Cathedral is not only an architectural masterpiece but also one of the most significant religious buildings in the world. Constructed between 1093 and 1133, the cathedral is a prime example of Norman architecture, with its towering spires and intricate stonework. It houses the remains of St. Cuthbert, as well as the Venerable Bede, an early English historian and theologian. The cathedral’s cloisters, with their breathtaking views, were also used as a filming location for the Harry Potter movies, making it a must-see for fans of the series.
2. The Legend of the Dun Cow
The founding of Durham is steeped in legend, particularly the story of the Dun Cow. According to local lore, the monks carrying St. Cuthbert’s body were led to the site of Durham by a miraculous event involving a dun-colored cow. The cow guided them to a hill overlooking the River Wear, where they decided to establish a church in St. Cuthbert’s honor. This legend has been immortalized in various forms throughout the city, including statues and plaques, reminding visitors of Durham’s mystical origins.
3. Harry Potter Filming Location
Durham Cathedral has gained worldwide fame as a filming location for the Harry Potter movies. The cathedral’s cloisters doubled as the quadrangle of Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry in several scenes, including those where Harry, Ron, and Hermione practice their spells. The atmospheric setting, with its medieval architecture and sweeping views, perfectly captures the magical world of Harry Potter. Fans of the series can visit the exact spots where some of their favorite scenes were filmed, making Durham a pilgrimage site for Potterheads.
4. The Oldest University in England after Oxford and Cambridge
Durham University, founded in 1832, is the third oldest university in England, after the prestigious institutions of Oxford and Cambridge. The university has a long tradition of academic excellence and is consistently ranked among the top universities in the UK. Its historic colleges, such as University College housed within Durham Castle, offer a unique glimpse into the traditions of British higher education. The university’s influence extends throughout the city, with students making up a significant portion of Durham’s population.
5. Durham Miners’ Gala
Durham Miners’ Gala, also known simply as “The Big Meeting,” is one of the most significant trade union events in Europe and a proud tradition of the city. Held annually since 1871, the gala celebrates the region’s coal mining heritage with a vibrant procession of banners, brass bands, and speeches from political and trade union leaders. The event draws tens of thousands of people to Durham each year, creating a lively atmosphere that honors the city’s working-class roots and community spirit.
6. The Hidden Riverwalk
One of Durham’s best-kept secrets is the Hidden Riverwalk along the River Wear. This scenic pathway winds its way through the heart of the city, offering stunning views of Durham Cathedral, Durham Castle, and the lush surrounding countryside. The Riverwalk provides a peaceful retreat from the busy city streets, allowing visitors to enjoy the natural beauty of Durham while exploring its historic landmarks from a different perspective. It’s a perfect spot for a stroll, a picnic, or simply to take in the serene surroundings.
7. A City Built on Seven Hills
Like the legendary city of Rome, Durham is said to be built on seven hills. This geographical feature has played a significant role in shaping the city’s layout and defenses. The most famous of these hills is the one that houses Durham Cathedral and Castle, offering commanding views over the River Wear. The hilly terrain adds to the city’s picturesque charm, with winding streets and stairways leading to hidden corners and vantage points. Exploring these hills is a great way to discover the different layers of Durham’s history and architecture.
8. The Mystery of the Durham Light Infantry
The Durham Light Infantry (DLI) was one of Britain’s most distinguished regiments, with a history spanning over 200 years. The regiment was known for its bravery and played a crucial role in many of Britain’s military campaigns, including both World Wars. Despite its storied past, the DLI’s history remains somewhat of a mystery to many, with its contributions often overshadowed by larger regiments. The DLI Museum and Durham Art Gallery provide an excellent opportunity to learn more about this proud regiment, with exhibits detailing its battles, honors, and the lives of its soldiers.
9. Durham’s Unique Festival of Light
Every two years, Durham hosts the Lumiere Festival, a spectacular event that transforms the city into a magical wonderland of light. Artists from around the world create stunning light installations that illuminate Durham’s historic buildings, streets, and public spaces. The festival attracts thousands of visitors and showcases the city’s commitment to the arts and creativity. Whether it’s the cathedral bathed in a rainbow of colors or interactive light displays in the marketplace, Lumiere offers a truly enchanting experience that highlights the beauty and vibrancy of Durham.
10. The Prison Within the Castle
Durham Castle, now a part of Durham University, has a history that extends beyond its role as a fortress and residence. In the 17th century, the castle was used as a prison for Scottish soldiers captured during the Battle of Dunbar. The soldiers were held in appalling conditions, and many did not survive the harsh treatment. The castle’s Great Hall still bears the marks left by these prisoners, serving as a haunting reminder of this dark chapter in Durham’s history. Today, the castle is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and continues to play a vital role in the life of the university and the city.
Things to Do in Durham
Durham is a city that offers a wealth of activities for visitors, from exploring historic landmarks to enjoying the natural beauty of its surroundings. Here are some top activities to consider during your visit:
- Exploring Durham Castle: A visit to Durham wouldn’t be complete without exploring Durham Castle, a stunning example of Norman architecture and a key part of the city’s history. Guided tours are available, offering insights into the castle’s history and its role as a university college.
- Walking the Durham Riverbanks: The River Wear provides a scenic backdrop for a leisurely walk. The riverbanks are dotted with picturesque spots, perfect for relaxing and enjoying the views of the cathedral and castle.
- Visiting the Durham Museum and Heritage Centre: This museum offers a fascinating look at Durham’s history, from its medieval roots to its industrial past. Exhibits include artifacts, photographs, and interactive displays that bring the city’s story to life.
- Wandering around the Old Market Place: The Old Market Place is the heart of Durham’s shopping district, offering a mix of independent shops, cafés, and historic buildings. It’s a great place to soak in the city’s atmosphere and pick up some unique souvenirs.
- Durham Scavenger Hunt and Sights Self-Guided Tour: For those who love a mix of exploration and adventure, the Durham Scavenger Hunt and Sights Self-Guided Tour by Explorial is an excellent way to discover the city. This interactive tour takes you on a journey through Durham’s most iconic and hidden sites, combining sightseeing with fun challenges and puzzles. The tour is designed to showcase both the well-known landmarks and the lesser-known corners of Durham, offering a deeper understanding of the city’s history and culture. As you follow the clues and complete tasks, you’ll uncover stories and facts that even some locals might not know. It’s a great way to engage with the city and experience it from a new perspective. One of the key benefits of this tour is its flexibility. You can start the tour whenever you like and go at your own pace, making it easy to fit into your schedule. Booking the Durham Scavenger Hunt and Sights Self-Guided Tour is simple. Just visit the Explorial website, select your preferred date, and download the tour to your smartphone. Once you’re ready to start, head to the starting point in the city center, and let the adventure begin!
Conclusion
Durham is a city that captivates with its blend of history, culture, and natural beauty. Whether you’re uncovering fun facts about its storied past, exploring its hidden gems, or simply enjoying the vibrant atmosphere, there’s always something new to discover. From the majestic cathedral and castle to the scenic riverbanks and lively festivals, Durham offers a rich and rewarding experience for every visitor. So why not plan a trip to this enchanting city and see for yourself what makes Durham so special?
